Keywords
How to Cite
Abstract
This article provides a brief overview of the relationship between triglycerides, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and atherosclerosis. The consensus of experts of the American College of Cardiology on the management of patients with hypertriglyceridemia (2021) was considered, where gradation of degrees of triglyceride elevation was proposed, and possible causes of secondary hypertriglyceridemia were given. The work also discusses the management of patients with hypertriglyceridemia, describes the management algorithms of patients with a severe form, high cardiovascular risk, diabetes and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The possibilities of medical treatment, the role of statins, omega-3 fatty acids, as well as the features of the use of fenofibrate are given.
References
Generoso G, Janovsky CCPS, Bittencourt MS. Triglycerides and triglyceriderich lipoproteins in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Curr. Opin. Endocrinol. Diabetes Obes. 2019;26(2):109-116.
Jorgensen AB, Frikke-Schmidt R, West AS et al. Genetically elevated non-fasting triglycerides and calculated remnant cholesterol as causal risk factors for myocardial infarction. Eur. Heart J. 2013;34(24):1826-1833.
Thomsen M, Varbo A, Tybjærg-Hansen A et al. Low nonfasting triglycerides and reduced all-cause mortality: a mendelian randomization study. Clin. Chem. 2014;60(5):737-746.
Nordestgaard LT, Christoffersen M, Afzal S et al. Triglycerides as a shared risk factor between dementia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a study of 125 727 individuals. Clin. Chem. 2021;67(1):245-255.
Virani SS, Morris PB, Agarwala A, et al. 2021 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on the Management of ASCVD Risk Reduction in Patient With Persistent Hyperglyceridemia: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021. Jul 28.
Hoogeveen RC, Ballantyne CM. Residual cardiovascular risk at low LDL: remnants, lipoprotein (a), and inflammation. Clinical Chemistry. 2021;67(1):143-153.
Toth PP. Triglycerides and atherosclerosis: bringing the association into sharper focus. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2021;77(24):3042-3045.
WHO (2021). Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs).
Miller M, Cannon CP, Murphy SA. et al. Impact of triglyceride levels beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol after acute coronary syndrome in the PROVE IT-TIMI 22 trial. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2008;51(7):724-730.
Mach F, Baigent C, Catapano AL. et al. 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk. Eur. Heart J. 2020;41(1):111-188.
Visseren FLJ, Mach F, Smulders YM et al. 2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. Eur. Heart J. 2021;42(34):3227-3337.
Zhang BH, Yin F, Qiao YN et al. Triglyceride and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in atherosclerosis. Front. Mol. Biosci. 2022;9:909151.
Mach F, Baigent C, Catapano AL et al. 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk. Eur. Heart J. 2020;41(1):111-188.
Visseren FLJ, Mach F, Smulders YM et al. 2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. Eur. Heart J. 2021;42(34):3227-3337.
Fruchart JC, Santos RD, Aguilar-Salinas C et al. The selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha modulator (SPPARMα) paradigm: conceptual framework and therapeutic potential: A consensus statement from the International Atherosclerosis Society (IAS) and the Residual Risk Reduction Initiative (R 3i) Foundation. Cardiovasc. Diabetol. 2019;18(1):71.