Abstract
The article discusses the relationship between depression (D) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The prevalence of
D among patients with CVD usually ranges from 15% to 25%. Numerous studies have shown that D is associated with an increased
risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and any CVD, as well as with an increased risk of all-cause and CVD
mortality. The exact mechanisms linking CVD and D remain unclear. It is likely that several mechanisms contribute to the increased
cardiovascular risk associated with D, including adverse behavioral patterns among patients, increased hypercoagulability,
inflammation and immune dysfunction, stress and dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system, and impaired regulation of
the hypothalamic–pituitary system, among others. Cardiometabolic risk factors, including hyperlipidemia, arterial hypertension,
diabetes mellitus, and opioid use, are identified as mediators of the relationship between D and various forms of CVD. Treatment
of D is considered a socially and economically effective approach to reducing the prevalence and consequences of CVD.
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