Primary ovarian insufficiency (literature review)

Abstract

Primary ovarian insufficiency (POІ) is a spectrum of diseases that affect female fertility, contribute to morbidity and mortality, and are associated with increasing estrogen deficiency. Primary ovarian failure, with a prevalence now approaching 4%, is a growing public health problem. POI affects mental health, fertility, cardiovascular health and bone health. Although there is no consensus on the criteria for evaluating POI, it is important to screen any woman with primary or secondary amenorrhea. Primary amenorrhea is defined as the absence of menstruation throughout life unless menarche occurs before age 15 or three years after thelarche. Secondary amenorrhea is defined as the absence of menses for three consecutive months after previously regular menses or the absence of menses for 6 consecutive months with previously irregular menses. POI is diagnosed on the background of amenorrhea with two elevated FSH values in the menopausal range (>25 IU/L), obtained at an interval of 30 days. This article describes the definition, principles of diagnosis and management of primary ovarian insufficiency.