Regression analysis of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and the status of coronary vessels in patients with ischemic heart disease in combination with mental disorders

Abstract

The aim of the study. To conduct a regression analysis of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and the state of coronary vessels in patients with coronary heart disease in combination with anxiety-depressive disorders. Material and methods. To achieve the goal, a study was conducted among 90 patients. The age of the patients ranged from 36 to 83, the average age was 58.7±17.2 years. 56.6% of respondents were men, 43.4% were women. A comprehensive examination included the collection of complaints, data on the history of the disease and life, analysis of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (age, cholesterol, glucose, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), heredity, hypodynamia, smoking), professions, data coronary angiography and hospital anxiety and depression scale HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Results. In search of an answer, we conducted a multifactorial analysis of 16 signs, among them 11 risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and 5 indicators reflecting the state of coronary vessels. It is known that the value and degree of strength of each of the factors differ in relation to the presence of depression and anxiety in patients with coronary artery disease. Analyzing the regression analysis data on the presence of a depressive state, four independent signs were obtained: age over 60 years, hypodynamia, BMI (more than 30), three-vessel coronary artery disease. When combining the above-mentioned signs, results were obtained that are statistically reliable (p<0.05) in relation to cardiovascular diseases and depressive disorders. Working out the results of the regression analysis regarding the presence of anxiety, the following four independent signs were obtained: heredity, «slow flow» phenomenon (slowing down of coronary blood flow), one- and two-vessel damage of coronary arteries, which are statistically significant (p<0.05) . That is, in patients with coronary heart disease in combination with anxiety, there is a strong direct relationship with heredity and the presence of blood flow slowing, according to coronary angiography data, as well as one- or two-vessel coronary artery disease. Conclusions: 1. A high level of depression is reliably associated with age over 60, hypodynamia, BMI (over 30) and three-vessel coronary artery disease, while high anxiety is associated with heredity, «slow flow» phenomenon, single- and two-vessel coronary artery disease. 2. The close relationship between the risk factors of CVD, mental health and the state of coronary vessels in the occurrence of its complications requires the use of a complex approach to treatment, including drug therapy aimed at psychocorrection.