Influence of reperfusion therapy on the quality of life of patients with acute myocardial infarction in the presence of obesity

Abstract

The aim of the study was to examine the quality of life in patients with AMI in the presence of overweight and obesity using the international questionnaire EuroQol-5D-5L to assess quality of life. Material and methods. 158 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) age from 32 to 86 years were examined. All patients were divided into 3 groups: first group consisted of 52 people with normal body weight (body mass index (BMI) — 18.5-24.9 kg/m2), second group — 51 people with overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2), third group — 55 people with obesity of I-III stages (BMI≥30.0 kg/m2). Results. Comparison of the questionnaire individual indicators results showed that when hospitalized the patients of the groups II and III presented significantly worse subjective indicators results in all components of the questionnaire than the patients of the group I (p<0.05). It was found that 10 days after the start of the treatment, subjective indicators of self-care did not differ (p>0.05) between the groups. Mobility, normal daily activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression were probably more disturbing for patients of the group III than for patients of group I (p1-3<0.05), no significant difference between these indicators was found when comparing persons of the groups II and III p2-3>0.05). At hospitalization, significantly more patients of the group II (overwight) and III (obesity) noted the presence of moderate anxiety or depression compared with persons of the group I (normal body weight) (p1-2<0.01, p1-3<0.01 ). On the 10th day of the follow-up, significantly more patients with normal body weight (78.85% — group I) reported that they did not experience anxiety or depression compared to persons with overwight (50.93% — group II) and obesity (46.94% — group III) (p1-2<0.01, p1-3<0.01). Conclusions. Obesity and overweight are important factors in the deterioration of quality of life in acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation, even after effective reperfusion therapy. The course of acute myocardial infarction in the presence of overweight and obesity is accompanied by a more severe
depression, so it is likely to use psychocorrection methods to improve the effectiveness of treatment and improve a quality of life of such patients.