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Abstract
Topicality. Clinical significance of diagnosing nodular diseases of the thyroid gland lays in excluding cancer. Goal: to analyze clinical case of thyroid lymphoma and use data for improving methods of diagnostics, differential diagnosis and to set modern tactic for treating this pathology. Materials and methods. Systematic analysis, clinical case analysis. Literature available in PubMed database. Results. Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare malignancy, representing less than 5% thyroid malignancies and 3% of all extranodal lymphomas. Main methods of diagnosing PTL include ultrasound of thyroid gland, CT, MRI, fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy. Regardless of FNA biopsy result, if there is a suspicion for PTL, it is recommended to use open biopsy for additional immunohistochemistry tests and to define final diagnosis. Chemotherapy is so effective in treatment of thyroid lymphoma that surgery is rarely needed. Conclusion. PTL should be considered in patients with a rapidly enlarging neck mass and especially in those with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. PTL has good prognosis if treated fast and patient receives well-coordinated support from all medical professionals.
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