Abstract
Background. Sexual health disorders are common yet frequently underestimated factors affecting women’s
psychological well-being. Sexual dysfunction, sexual pain, and associated sexual distress may lead to significant mental health
consequences, including increased levels of depression, anxiety, and reduced quality of life.
Objective. This review aims to summarize current scientific evidence on the impact of sexual health disorders on women’s
psychological state, with a particular focus on depressive and anxiety symptoms, sexual distress, and interpersonal functioning.
Methods. A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO
databases. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and large clinical and population-based studies published mainly between 1999
and 2025 were included.
Results. The findings demonstrate a consistent association between sexual health disorders and depressive and anxiety
symptoms in women. The strongest psychological effects are observed in the presence of sexual distress and chronic sexual pain.
In women with gynecological conditions such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, and post–breast cancer treatment,
sexual dysfunction often represents a key mediator between somatic symptoms and psychological distress. Interpersonal and
sociocultural factors substantially influence the severity of psychological outcomes.
Conclusions. Sexual health disorders exert a multidimensional impact on women’s mental health and should be addressed
through integrated biopsychosocial approaches in both clinical practice and future research.
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