FOCUSING ON ANTIBIOTIC-ASSOCIATED DIARRHEA (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Abstract

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is the most common complication of antibiotic therapy. Factors influencing the development of this pathology include the class and frequency of antibiotic administration, the patient’s age, the duration of hospitalization, coexisting diseases, and the concurrent use of drugs that reduce gastric acid secretion. The pathogenesis of AAD is largely attributed to alterations in the intestinal microbiota, the overgrowth of opportunistic microorganisms, and the direct toxicity of antibiotics to the intestinal lining. Less than 33% of AAD cases are caused by Clostridioides difficile, making the identification of other pathogenic etiological factors important. Treatment of AAD follows a stepwise approach and requires a systematic and comprehensive management plan. Prevention primarily involves the rational use of antibiotics and adherence to hygienic standards by healthcare providers.